Avian Medicine

Pigeons and doves Restrain by holding wings down Grainivorous- need grit Pet Racing Show Research Wild

Hawks Eagles Falcons Restrain by holding legs and controlling talons Carnivores- Falconry, exhibition, educational programs, wild

Fowl (turkey and chickens) Restrain by holding wings Grainivorous-need grit Pet Show Research Commercial Wild

Songbirds-canaries and finches Restrain by holding with towel around wings Herbivores,grainivores, fructivores Pet Wild

Owls Restrain by holding feet and controlling talons Carnivores - rodents Exhibition Educational programs Wild

Parrots Cockatoos, parakeets Restrain by holding around the neck with a towel and control head DONT USE GLOVE OR BARE HANDS pet Commercial exhibit

BIG Fresh air Sunshine Perches Toys Wire

Lead: fishing weights, paint, champagne wrappers, costume jewelry, hardware cloth Zinc: monopoly game pieces,

Lethargy and nurological Regurgitating and vomiting Blood level above .2 ppm Serum zinc level above .2 ppm Radiograph shows metal particle

Christina agent to bind to metal and urinate it out of the body Physically remove metal by surgery Lubricate to encourage metal out of gizzard

Protection from weather Good ventilation Strong perches Netting or wire

Newspaper Pelletier litter Aspen shavings and walnut NO CEDAR or PINE SHAVINGS NO CORN COB/WHEAT SHAVINGS

High WBC count X-ray or ct scan (fungus seen) Endoscopy (fungus seen) Fungus seen under microscope Months of antifungal drugs can cause liver and kidney damage Possible surgery Poor prognosis

Temperature–comfortable in a shirt Should have indoor and outdoor areas Humidity–30-50% Weekly or month baths Lighting–10-12hrs of light –>stimulates egg laying Housing–female cockatoo needs to get away from male

Appropriate ration for age and use Cracked corn Greens Bugs household scraps Graze yard

Poor feature quality Change in epithelial cells to squamous cells leads to… Salivary glands Kidney tobules Bacterial and fungal infections in mouth and RT

Bone fractures Unshelled eggs and egg binding-egg gets stuck Can give calcium injections, implode egg, and surgically remove egg

BACTERIAL Poor social skills, bored, repro frustration, obsessive compulsive disorder

BACTERIA ZOONOTIC DISEASE clinical-respiratory Diagnosis-tests are available Treatment-doxycycline REPORT TO STATE VET IF POSITIVE TEST

“Bumble foot”–plantar surface of foot Varying degrees Treatment–soak foot, correct husbandry

Waterfowl (ducks and geese) Restrain by holding wings back Omnivores-need grit Pet Wild Commercial