2.1-2.4 vocabulary
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What is the number of amino acid sequences in an unknown number of amino acids?
20^n n=number of amino acids
Lipids
A diverse group of carbon compounds that share the property of being insoluble in water.
Cohesion
Cohesion refers to the binding together of two molecules of the same type, for instance two water molecules.
Cation
positively charged ion
Monosaccharides
single sugar units (carbohydrate), can be linked together to make larger units ex: glucose
Disaccharides
Two monsaccharieds linked together ex: maltose is made of two glucose molecules
Anion
negatively charged ion
What is a polypeptide?
Polypeptides are chains of amino acids by linking together amino acids by condensation reactions. Main component of proteins. The amino acids in the polypeptide are linked through a bond called a peptide bond.
How are triglycerides related to lipids?
Triglycerides are one of the principal groups of lipid. EX: sunflower seed oil
How Many amino acid sequences can living organisms produce? 1. A small fraction of the potential 2. A large fraction of the potential 3. All of the potential
• A small fraction of the potential
Triglyceride Composition
Three fatty acids with one glycerol, linked by a condensation reaction
Polysaccharide
Many monosaccharides linked together ex: starch
JMol
The most widely used molecular visualization software; its also free of charge
Condensation reactions
A reaction in which two molecules combine, eliminating a water or other simple molecule.
How many gene bases are needed per amino acid?
Three
Covalent Bonds
electrons shared between 2 atoms
Describe Hydroxyl and state it’s chemical formula
Hydroxyl is a molecule composed of a Hydrogen bonded with an Oxygen. The formula is OH
What is a peptide bond?
A peptide bond bonds two amino acids within a polypeptide is formed through a condensation reaction between the carboxyl group on one amino and the amine group on another. This bond produces H2O.
What is the purpose of triglycerides?
They are energy stores. This energy can be released by aerobic cell respiration.
Describe Amine and state it’s chemical formula
Amine is a Nitrogen bonded with two hydrogens one on each side. The formula is NH2
Saturated fatty acid
all carbons saturated with hydrogens, no double bonds between carbons
What is the purpose of lipids?
Lipids are used for long-term energy storage, as the release lots of energy during cell respiration.
Hydrogen Bonds
Force of attraction between the hydrogen atom , the hydrogen bond is covalent
Ionic bonds
attraction between cation and anion (no sharing)