Chapter 5 Vocab

The number of species in a given area.

The relative proportion of individuals within the different species in a given area.

Evolution below the species level.

A change in the genetic composition of a population over time.

The branching pattern of evolutionary relationships.

Evolution that gives rise to new species, genera, families, classes, or phyla.

The process in which humans determine which individuals breed, typically with a preconceived set of traits in mind.

The genetic process by which one chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome during reproductive cell division.

The complete set of genes in an individual

A trait that improves an individual’s fitness.

A physical location on the chromosomes within each cell of an organism.

The process in which the environment determines which individuals survive and reproduce.

A set of traits expressed by an individual.

A random change in the genetic code produced by a mistake in the copying process.

The process by which individuals move from one population to another and thereby alter the genetic composition of both populations.

The result of two populations within a species evolving separately to the point that they can no longer interbreed and produce viable offspring.

An individual’s ability to survive and reproduce.

A reduction in the genetic diversity of a population caused by a reduction in its size.

The death of the last member of a species.

A change in the genetic composition of a population over time as a result of random mating.

A change in the genetic composition of a population as a result of descending from a small number of colonizing individuals.

Physical separation of a group of individuals from others of the same species.

An organism produced by copying genes from a species with a desirable trait and inserting them into another species.

The limits to the abiotic conditions that a species can tolerate.