Exam 3: Patient Skills
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What is the general cycle of infection
Pathogen -> Reservoir -> exit portal -> means of transmission -> entry portal -> susceptible host -> continuous cycle back to pathogen
In the cycle of infection, what are the types of infectious agents
bacteria, fungi, parasites, viruses
In the cycle of infection, what are the types of reservoirs
Humans, animals, insects, formites, blood/body fluids
In the cycle of infection, what are the different portals of exit
Nose, mouth, mucous membranes, specimen collection
How should we “break the link” in formites reservoir
disinfect and hand hygiene
How should we “break the link” in the portals of exit
Hand hygiene, standard precautions, sealed waste products and specimen containers
In the cycle of infection, what are the different means of transmission
droplet, airborne, contact, vector, vehicle
How should we “break the link” in means of transmission
hand hygiene, standard precautions, PPE, patient, isolation
In the cycle of infection, what are the different types of portal of entry
nose, mouth, mucous membranes, skin, unsterile equipment
How should we “break the link” in the different portals of entry
hand hygiene, standard precautions, PPE, and sterile equipment
In the cycle of infection, what are the different types of susceptible hosts
patients, elderly, newborns, immunocompromised, healthcare workers
How should we “break the link” in the different types of susceptible hosts
immunizations, patient isolation, nursery precautions, and healthy lifestyle
What term can be defined as bacteria and viruses that are the most frequently encountered by U.S. healthcare workers
infectious agents
Bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, and prions are considered types of _____ _____
infectious agents
What does MDROs stand for
multi-drug resistant organism
True or False: MDROs are not a factor in developing infections
false
What are MDROs?
organisms, typically bacteria, that have developed resistance to one or more antibiotic
What is an example of an MDRO
methicillin-resistance S. aureus (MRSA)
_____ and ____ are the most common pathogen sources in the US healthcare settings
people and objects
Give some examples of human pathogen reservoirs
healthcare personnel, patients, family members, visitors
True or False a pathogen reservoir may not show signs of disease but may be a carrier or the disease may be in its incubation period
true
Give some examples of object pathogen reservoirs
Handshakes, door handles, skin, clothing, hair, jewelry, artificial/own nails
What is a reservoir visitor
a potential source of pathogens
Visitors with droplet contamination must wear a ___ and restrict activity ______ the room
mask, outside