1.3.3 Networks
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define network
two or more computers connected that can transmit data and share resources
what is the difference between physical topology and logical topology
Physical topology how the devices are actually set out logical how the data is sent around
define protocol
A set of rules for communicating accross a network
Pros of a protocol
allows communication ensures all devices follow the same rules data is interpreted the same
what is HTTP
hyper text tranfer protocol used for renderin web pages
what is FTP
file transfer protocol used when sending files from one device to another
TCP/IP
transmission control Protocol / internet protocol controls how data is sent around the internet
POP
Post office protocol client recieves the email and it is then deleted from server
IMAP
internet messaging access protocol client revicieves the email and doesnt delete it from server
SMTP
simple message transfer protocol transfers messages from server to server used to send emails
what are the two types of standard
de jure de facto
what is the difference between de jure and de facto
de facto is a standard agrreed upon but never officially approved De jure has been officially approved
examples of both standards
de jure ASCII De facto QWERTY
define layer
division of network functionality
state one difference between packet switches circuit switching [2]
Circuit switching requires dedicated hardware used for each connection packet switching hardware is used for multiple connections circuit switching data is sent along one route Packet Switches packets may be sent accross multiple routes circuit switching less secure packets not all packets wil be intercepted
why is packets switching more suitable for a network than circuit switching [2]
circuit swicthing is less secure if intercepted packet switching is more secure as not all
why should a data sent on a company network be encrypted [3]
unencrypted data can be read by anyone who has access to the data cyber criminals could gain access to the data company has to protect employees data …data protection act work from home more securely
Explain how a DNS server is used in the process of accessing this website [8]
Request is sent to the DNS resolver which then checks it’s cache for the corresponding IP address to the URL if the DNS resolver doesnt store it TLD checks its cache and finds the authoritative name server which applies to the URLs top level name authoritative name server is a large database of URLs and their corresponding IP addresses
what does a proxy server do
makes a web request on behalf of your computer and in turn hides your IP address
what does a Proxy server provide
anonymous surfing can cache webpages for faster load times administrations can block or restrict access to sensitive/ irrelevant information
define a Firewall
hardware/ software monitors and filters traffic to and from a network can be either hardwrae or software
What can a firewall be used for
Prevent unauthorised access to a network Restrict websites that can be accessed from within the company protect company data