Intergumentary System

Skin Nail Hair Sweat glands Oil glands

10 - 16% of total body mass thickness ranges 0.5 to 1-2mm

Epidermis - outside Dermis - skin Cutaneous - fatty layer

Stratum Basale Stratum Spinosum Stratum Granulosum Stratum Lucindum Startum Corneum

Consist of single row of keratinocytes are stem cells and keratin is a protein it is therefore essential for healing and form more protein sites leads to more keratin. Manufacturing layer and holds everything together

are the bodies master cells with the ability to grow into any one of the body

Tonofilaments gives the cells its structure but also attach to Desmosomes is a structure where two adjacent cells are attached formed by protein plaques

Stratum Spinosum is made up of 8-10 layers of keratinocytes but also include langerhan cells and Melanocytes

Stratum Granulosum is made up of 3-5 layers of flattened kerotinocytes .This is the layer where keratin is produced. This is where scheduled cell death takes place. This is called apoptosis,The Chief function is waterproofing

Stratum Lucindum is 3-5 layers of dead, flattened keratin presents on soles of feet and palms of hands it consist of thickened plasma membranes and is responsible for supporting the skin in stretching Contains proteins responsible for apoptosis

Stratum Corneum is about 25-35 layers thick is made up of dead keratinocytes.it protects inner layers from mechanical damage and friction and acts a waterproof barrier

Is composed of two layers which are Papillary Layer Reticular Layer

is nipple like projections which helps increase surface area and allows the epidermis to lock with the dermis.It has a capillary vessels which deliver oxygen and take deoxygenated blood away has free ending nerve

It is made up of dense connective tissues that contribute to the skin’s elasticity. Has two main fibers collagen and elastic

is a hard insoluble protein which is also fibrous is very strong it supports the structures and holds them together it binds with water

they secret sebum which is an oily substance that protect the skin form drying out

is part of the body elimination process and thermoregulation

is primarily where fat is stored and where we insulate ourselves has blood vessels

protection, Immunity, thermoregulation,sensitivity,sever as a blood supply,Excretion and endocrine

about 8% are melanocytes that are in the stratum spinosum. Melanin protects from sunlight but also from any types of radiation share with keratinocytes

is responsible for transporting,modifying and packaging proteins and lipids into vesicle

is a physical barrier that protects against pathogen

are a type of white blood cell made in the bone marrow that migrates to the skin. Langerhans cells detected pathogens that enter what are they are going to do

The subcutaneous layer is a fatty layer provides insulation layer against the cold