The group 1 elements
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How do group 1 metals react with water?
• They react vigorously with water • Hydrogen gas is given off • The metal oxide reacts with water to form an alkali the hydroxide of the metal
Why do group 1 metals have similar properties?
Atoms of group 1 alkali metals have similar properties because they have one electron in the outer shell
Atoms of alkali metals react, losing one electron and forming:
• A full outer shell, to create a stable electronic structure • An ion, which has one more positive charge in its nucleus than negative electrons in the shells, so it becomes a positive ion.
Why do group 1 metals increase in reactivity?
• The easier it is for an atom of an alkali metal to lose 1 electron, more reactive it is. • An electron in outer shell is further from the nucleus so there is less attractive force so the electron so it is lost more easily
Carrying out a flame test.
• A flame-test wire is moistened with dilute hydrochloric acid. • The flame-test wire is dipped into the solid chemical. • The flame test wire is put in a blue Bunsen burner. • The colours of the flame are recorded
Flame colours.
• Lithium red • Sodium Yellow • Potassium Lilac