Eletricty

Friction occurs when two objects rub together

The force behind causing an object to move.

The force acting upon any object in the earth’s atmosphere.

Distance / Time

A battery has a fixed voltage and cannot change, while a variable power supply allows the voltage to be adjusted. This enables different current levels to be applied to a circuit.

When the balloon is rubbed against the jumper, electrons are transferred from the jumper to the balloon, making the balloon negatively charged as it gains more electrons than protons.

The electrons in the paper are repelled away from the surface closest to the balloon, leaving that area positively charged. The attraction between the negatively charged balloon and the positively charged area of the paper causes the paper to be attracted to the balloon.

In a series circuit, there is only one path for current to flow, so the current is the same through all components. In a parallel circuit, there are multiple paths, so the total current is divided among the paths.

Advantages of a parallel circuit include that if one bulb stops working, others remain lit, and brightness is generally higher. Disadvantages include the need for more wires and higher current, which can drain the battery faster.

The voltage across a resistor is calculated using 𝑉 + IR V=IR, where V is the voltage I is current, and R is resistance. In a series circuit, the total voltage across the battery is the sum of voltages across each component.

Break

A series circuit draws less current from the battery compared to a parallel circuit, which can help extend battery life.

Positive charged atom

Netrualy charged atom

Negatively charged atom

They repel