2.2.1 Programming Techniques

Executing instructions one after another

• IF statement • A construct that allows a program to change direction depending on the outcome of a condition

Enables us to repeat sections of code

When the required number of iterations is known ahead of the execution

When the required number of iterations is unknown as the variable used to determine when the iteration ends is changing within the iteration itself

Programming constructs inside one another

When a subroutine calls itself from within another subroutine

• Contains a stopping condition (base case) • For an input value other than the base case, the subroutine should call itself • The stopping condition should be reachable within a finite number of times

A stack overflow

Used to store information to be referenced and manipulated in a computer program

• Declared inside a subroutine • Only accessible by that subroutine • Created when the subroutine is called • Destroyed when the subroutine ends

• Declared at the top of a program, outside of any subroutine • Accessible throughout the program • Created when the program starts • Destroyed when the program ends

• Refers to where the variable can be accessible in the code

• Block of code that takes in zero, one or more parameters and performs a set task

• Block of code that takes in zero, one or more parameters and performs a set task • RETURNS A VALUE

Concept of breaking a large program into smaller chunks - Each module carries out a single, specific task

• Program that provides a set of tools and related functionality designed to maximise a programmer’s productivity

• Auto-documentation • Syntax highlighting • Error diagnostics • Code editors • Translators

A text area for programmers to enter code directly into the IDE; often supports features e.g. syntax highlighting, automatic indentation

Reports errors in the code and where they can be found

Program that converts high level code into machine code