Chemistry 1131

study of carbon and compounds containing carbon

ability of carbon atoms to bond with each other to form chains

alternate form of an element in the same phase that has a different chemical and physical properties

carbon-containing residue with no definite crystalline shape

dark brown or black solid containing amorphous carbon mixed with some organic or inorganic compounds

compound that contains carbon

compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structures

formula that indicates the exact number of atoms in a molecule and also shows how the atoms are bonded to each other

organic compound formed from only carbon and hydrogen

atom or group of atoms, including elements other than hydrogen or carbon, which bond to a hydrocarbon and are responsible for the specific properties of the resulting organic compound

hydrocarbon derivative in which one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced with one or more functional groups, and which are classified according to the functional group they contain

In its elemental state, ____ may exist as soot, ___, or a fullerene

A carbon atom may form as many as four ____ with other atoms

Carbon can form ___, double, or ___ covalent bonds

An area of contamination in an otherwise clear diamond is called ____

Carbon atoms in graphite are arranged in ____ rings that lock together to form layers or sheets

Weak ____ forces allow graphite layers to slide past each other, giving graphite a soft, slippery feel

Fullerenes are extremely strong and resilient molecules, which, when subjected to moderate pressure, become stronger than _____

The shape of a carbon atom and its ability to form covalent bonds allow carbon atoms to link together to form open chains, open chains with ____, linked open chains, ____, plates, and networks

Most substances containing amorphous carbon are formed from carbon-containing substances being decomposed by ____

Coal was formed from decaying plant matter called ____

Intense heat and pressure changed ___ into lignite. Additional heat and pressure changed lignite into ____. More heat and pressure ____ into ____

The process called ___ drives off moisture , volatile materials, and most impurities from coal

Tubes of fullerenes called “___” have been developed