Lipid Modification, Interesterification and Fractionation

the process of producing clear oils • oil is cooled to ~7.2 degrees to allow high MP TGs to crystallise out • high MP TGs are also removed by filtration

advantages low processing cost (batch reactor) high processing loss (oil saponification) highly reproducible and easily controlled disadvantages low oxidative stability (tocopherol loss) high levels of reaction byproducts (eg. glycerols) flavour reversion problem

advantages minimum processing loss no flavour no change in oxidative stability low levels of reaction byproducts disadvantages more complex operation and control high processing cost (continuous plug flow reactor)

heating lipids with alkali metals or sodium methoxide

mixing different base stocks- like partially or fully hydrogenated oils, interesterified oils and fats, fractionated or winterised oils- to obtain a specific composition, consistency and stability in a final product

TG enrichment To produce products that are unobtainable by chemical means

lipases catalyse hydrolysis of lipids synthesis of acyl glycerols from glycerol and fatty acids

increasingly used as an alternative to fractionation and hydrogenation produces low/no trans fat

high cost

lipid- dryer- reactor- cooler- mixed- separator- bleacher- filter- interesterified oil

heat with sodium methoxide at 80-100 degrees heat with metallic sodium ay 100-200 degrees

soybean oil cotton oil lard