NAVLE
No description yet. This curated deck is ready for daily study.
Card preview (4)
Cats with taurine deficiency develop which of the following? Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Dilated cardiomyopathy Restrictive cardiomyopathy Myocarditis
DCM ie dilated cardiomyopathy Taurine is an essential amino acid for cats because they cannot synthesize it. Taurine deficiency causes dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Since DCM is relatively uncommon otherwise in cats, taurine deficiency should be suspected in any cat with DCM. Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) in cats is a condition where the heart muscle weakens and thins, causing the heart chambers to enlarge and lose the ability to pump blood effectively. Taurine is an essential amino acid for cats, meaning they cannot synthesize enough of it on their own and must obtain it through their diet.
A 7-year-old ewe presents with abscessation of the supramammary lymph nodes. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. This is a description of caseous lymphadenitis. This disease of sheep and goats is of economic importance because it causes weight loss and ill thrift, can become a herd problem, and could be a public health concern.
You need to perform a CBC and take thoracic radiographs on a somewhat fractious cat. You sedate the cat with an intramuscular injection of medetomidine. While on the X-ray table, you become concerned that the cat is not doing well and you decide you want to reverse the effects of medetomidine. What should you give the cat?
Atipamezole (trade name: Antisedan), an alpha-2 antagonist, is the reversal agent for medetomidine (trade name: Dormitor). Medetomidine is an alpha-2 agonist. Xylazine would be another example of an alpha-2 agonist. Yohimbine is its reversal agent. Other alpha-2 agonists are clonidine, detomidine, dexmedetomidine and romifidine 2-pralidoxime is a reversal agent for cholinesterase inhibitors. Flumazenil is a reversal agent for benzodiazepines Atropine is a muscarinic antagonist of acetylcholine and may be dangerous to use after administration of alpha-2 agonists. This is because alpha-2 agonists cause marked vasoconstriction and high afterload on the heart. Giving atropine and increasing the heart rate can place further stress on the heart. You do not want to set in motion peripheral vasoconstriction and compensatory bradycardia brought on by the alpha-2, then increase the heart rate against that high afterload. This could make for an unhappy heart in the event underlying subclinical heart disease is present.
At what age do a cow’s permanent 4th incisors begin to erupt in the mandible?
3.5 to 4 years. The 4th incisors are actually canine teeth and they erupt at 3.5 to 4 years in cattle. Cattle age is not always given in a history and estimating age during physical exam helps narrow differentials. References for times of eruption vary by about six months because the times of tooth eruption vary among individual animals and breeds. Tooth. Eruption Age Ist permanent incisor 1 to 1.5 years 2nd permanent incisor 2 to 2.5 years 3rd permanent incisor 3.5 years 4th permanent incisor 3.5 to 4 years Full eruption of a new tooth may take another six months. REMEMBER ruminants don’t have upper incisors but instead have a dental pad.