Chapter 10

segment of single-stranded nucleic acid used to identify DNA molecules containing complementary sequence

DNA strand that is transcribed to create RNA transcript OR strand of RNA used to create complementary RNA

short stretches of DNA that appear in many different genes w/little variation

end of transcription or translation

combination of small ribosomal subunit, mRNA, molecule, and tRNA charged w/first amino acid coded for by the mRNA; formed at start of translation

enzyme + small nuclear RNA molecule, functioning in RNA splicing

50-250 adenine nucleotides added after transcription to 3’ end of eukaryotic mRNAs

last stage of RNA processing in eukaryotes – intron transcripts excised via snRNP

complex: mRNA + ribosomes; ribosomes synthesize polypeptide chains as proceed

synthesis of RNA using one strand of DNA as template

one of two strands of DNA that for a particular gene specifies amino acids

protein synthesis on ribosomes using info encoded in messenger RNA

catalytic function of large ribosomal subunit: breaking bond b/w tRNA in P site, forming polypeptide bond b/w amino acid and amino acid attached to tRNA in A site

single-strand nucleic acid probe made that binds to target DNA or RNA, resulting in hybrid

messenger RNA - transcript of DNA region, carries information as codons

part of gene’s promoter where synthesis of gene’s RNA transcript starts

site of protein synthesis

RNA-protein complex that splices out introns from pre-mRNA

AUG - mRNA triplet acting as signal for translation

type of RNA involved in peptide bond formation; incorporated into ribosome

chemically modified GTP added to 5’ end of mRNA - facilitates binding of mRNA to ribosome

UAG, UGA, UAA - signal end of translation

carries amino acid and anticodon that pairs w/codon in mRNA during ranslation

portion of gene w/in coding region transcribed into pre-mRNA but spliced out