TOPIC 1- key concepts

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (24)

Front (Question)

Ions

Back (Answer)

Charged particles (single/groups of atoms)

Front (Question)

Negative ions

Back (Answer)

(Anions) form when atoms gain electrons.

Front (Question)

Positive ions

Back (Answer)

Cations. Form when atoms lose electrons.

Front (Question)

Charge

Back (Answer)

The number of electrons lost/ gained -2 = 2 electrons gained +2 = 2 electrons lost

Front (Question)

Groups of elements that most readily form ions

Back (Answer)

1, 2, 6 and 7

Front (Question)

Metals charge

Back (Answer)

Positive

Front (Question)

Nonmetals charge

Back (Answer)

Negative ions

Front (Question)

Group 1 elements charge? Group 2 elements charge? Group 6 elements charge? Group 7 elements charge?

Back (Answer)

+1 +2 -2 -1

Front (Question)

What are ionic compounds made up of?

Back (Answer)

A positive/negative part. The positive balances out the negative.

#10

Front (Question)

Overall charge of ionic compounds

Back (Answer)

Zero

#11

Front (Question)

Ionic bonding

Back (Answer)

Transfer of electrons between a metal and nonmetal. The metal atom loses an electron to form a positive ion (cation) and the nonmetal gains these electrons to form a negative ion (anion). These oppositely charged ions are strongly attracted to each other via electrostatic forces.

#12

Front (Question)

How do you show how ionic compounds are formed?

Back (Answer)

Dot and cross diagrams

#13

Front (Question)

Structure of ionic compounds

Back (Answer)

They have a regular, giant ionic lattice structure due to strong electrostatic forces between oppositely charged ions.

#14

Front (Question)

Properties of ionic compounds

Back (Answer)

High melting/boiling points (due to strong attraction between ions that require much energy to break). Conducts electricity when dissolved/molten. (Because the ions are then free to move and so will carry and electric current) Soluble

#15

Front (Question)

Advantages of 2D representations (displayed formulas)

Back (Answer)

Simple Good at showing what atoms something contains and how they’re connected.

#16

Front (Question)

Disadvantages of 2D representations (displayed formulas)

Back (Answer)

Don’t show the shape of the substances. Don’t show the size of the atoms.

#17

Front (Question)

Advantages of dot and cross diagrams

Back (Answer)

Useful for showing how molecules are formed and where the electrons in the bonds/ions come from.

#18

Front (Question)

Disadvantages of dot and cross diagrams

Back (Answer)

Don’t show size /arrangement of atoms.

#19

Front (Question)

Advantages of 3D models

Back (Answer)

Show arrangement of ions

#20

Front (Question)

Disadvantages of 3D models

Back (Answer)

Only show outer layer of substance

#21

Front (Question)

Disadvantages for ball and stick models

Back (Answer)

Misleading as make out that there are big gaps between atoms (actually where electron clouds interact). Don’t show correct scales of atoms/ions.

#22

Front (Question)

Advantages of ball and stick models

Back (Answer)

Help to visualise More realistic than 2D

#23

Front (Question)

Covalent bond

Back (Answer)

A strong bond formed when a pair of electrons is shared between 2 atoms.

#24

Front (Question)

Simple covalent molecular substances

Back (Answer)

Substance made up of molecules containing a few atoms joined by covalent bonds. Eg: H2, HCl, H2o