4.2 - Group 7
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Why are reactions of elements w water similar
Single outer shell electron Alll react vigoursly w water to create alkaline solution + hydrogen
Elements in group 1 reactions
All react w oxygen to create oxide More bubbles - more vigorous - more reactive alkaline metal Reactivity INCREASES down group Lithium - potassium
Lithium
Fizzes steadily
Sodium
Melts into ball Fizz quickly
Potassium
Sparks Hydrogen burns w lilac flame
Trend in reactivity in group one in terms of electronic configurations
Down group - easier to lose electrons and form positive metal ions - due to increase in electron shells as you go down group - positive charge nucleus and negative outer shell electron ATTRACTION is decreased so the outer shell electron can be lost more easily
Group
Vertical
Period
Row
Chlorine at room temp
Yellow green gas
Bromine at room temp
Red-brown liquid
Iodine at room temp
Purple solid
Trends in group 7
Gas - liquid - solid down group MP + BP increase as you go down Halogen above chlorine is gas Below iodine is solid (greater MP)
Why can chlorine displace bromine
Chlorine displace since its more reactive than bromine and iodine Bromine displace iodine Iodine replace neither -> as you go down group, reactivity decreases
Explain trend in reality in group 7 in term of electronic configuration
Outer shell further from nucleus Electronic attraction decreases between nucleus and outer shell electron Electrons gained less easily Halogen becomes less reactive