Chemical rates & energetics
No description yet. This curated deck is ready for daily study.
Card preview (24)
Define chemical reaction
Making of new products from the rearrangement of reactants
Define rate of reaction
How quickly a reactant is used up or how quickly product is formed
Define high rate of reaction
Reactants turn into products quickly
Define low rate of reaction
Reactants turn into products slowly
What particles need to collide [2]
1) In correct orientation 2) Enough energy
Define successful collisions
When reactant particles collide and turn into products.
Define activation energy
Smallest amount of energy required for reaction to occur
What is a reactant
What you start with in a reaction
What is a product
What you end with in a reaction
How does the amount of reactant particles change throughout a reaction? [3]
1) Lots of reactant particles at the beginning, steep line due to lots of reactions 2) Rate of reaction slows down as there is now a mixture of reactant and products particles 3) The reactions are finished line is flat and theres only product particles with no reactant particles.
Mean rate of reaction formula (g/s)
Mass (g) /time taken (s)
Mean rate of reaction formula (cm3/s)
Volume (cm3) / time taken (s)
How is gas collected?
A gas syringe
What does it mean if gas is collected quickly
Rate of reaction is high
Define concentration
Quantity of subtance in a set volume
Explain the effect that increasing the concentration of something has on the rate of reaction
1) Higher concentration means high rates of reaction 2) More particles in the same space due to higher concentration 3) more frequent collisions means more successful collisions
Increasing temperature increases both
1) Frequency of collisons 2) The number of collisions with enough energy to react
Factors effectig rate of reaction [7]
1) Concentration, increase amount of particles 2) Pressure, increase gas particles 3) Reduce volume, less distance 4) Temperature, increase kinetic energy of particles 5) Surface area more particles are exposed on the outside 6) Catalyst will lower the activation energy 7) Biological catalyst dont denature in chemistry
What 2 things happen when chemical reaction takes place
1)New products- chemical change 2) Change in heat energy
How to break bonds
Energy is absorbed
How to form bonds
Energy is released
Endothermic reactions definition
Energy is absorbed from the surroundings, the temperature of the surroundings decrease. It gets colder to convert thermal into chemical energy to break bonds
Exothermic reactions definition
Heat energy is produced, temperature of the sourroundings increases
More energy is released compaired to the energy…
More energy is released compaired to the energy needed to breakt the catalyst