water pollution
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what factors affect the concentration of pollutants
1) effluent quantity 2) volume of water 3) residence time of water
how does the effluent quantity affect dilution
volume of pollutant released will affect conc- if conc of pollutant in water is low then many pollutants are not harmful
how does volume of water affect dilution of a pollutant
the larger the water body the more waste will be diluted
how does the residence time of the water affect dilution of a pollutant
the shorter the residence time the more likley the pollutant will be carried away by flowing water and not accumulate
list the factors which affect degradation
1) high levels of UV light 2) dissolved oxygen - increase the rate of aerobic bacteria to break down sewage 3) high temperatures - increase the rate of most reactions
define degradation
the processes by which substances ae broken down- it involves both abiotic and biotitic processes
outline how water can increase or decrease dispersal or a pollutant
• currents can either move pollutants away causing them to become diluted and reduce harmful effects or • currents may cause pollutants to re-concentrate
what are the causes of water pollution
1) industrial areas 2) areas with large human populations 3) lakes or enclosed water bodies 4) heavy shipping 5) oil terminals or ports