7.6 Sport and the law
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Explain what is meant by the term ‘Sports law’
Sports law includes the laws, regulations and judicial decisions that govern sports and athletes.
Identify an illegal instance that may occur in sport
Deliberate injury
Explain the law where an athlete claims ‘damages’
Damages: financial compensation awarded to an individual when it has been proved that they have been injured through wrongful conduct of another party
Explain the law ‘Bosman ruling’
Bosman ruling: A ruling by the European Court of justice, which gives a professional football player the right to a free transfer at the end of their contract. Bosman ruling gives professional footballers within the EU the right to move to another employer (club) at the end of their contract.
Explain the law ‘Restraint of trade’
Restraint of trade: action that interferes with a performers right to carry out their profession
Give a sporting example of ‘Restraint of trade’
In sport, this might involve a clause in a contract which restricts a person’s right to carry out their profession. An athlete sponsored by Nike is allowed to wear adidas international kit. Contract = against anything that stops them from taking part in their job.
Identify the sports legislations that protect/involve the performer
Damages Bosman ruling Restraint of trade
Define the term ‘negligence’ and give a sporting example to support your answer
Negligence: when someone (official) fails to take reasonable care of another person to avoid danger that causes harm. Officials have a ‘duty of care’ towards participants to make sure that all danger is eliminated and they can take part in a safe environment.
Describe the term ‘duty of care’ and identify whom this law is applicable towards
Duty of care: a legal obligation to ensure the safety or well-being of others. Coaches and officials have this responsibility.
Give an example of how a sporting official may be deemed negligent in the execution of their duties
Allowing a rugby match to be played on a dangerous surface that has not been checked prior to the game. When a referee fails to follow the rules and allows a dangerous/illegal tackle causing harm.
Identify the sports legislations that involves a sporting official
• Negligence • Duty of care (falls under negligence)
Identify what legal responsibilities a coach has in relation to their performers
• Health and safety • Protection from abuse • Supplements • Duty of care
Explain what is meant by the term ‘In loco parentis’
A latin phrase meaning ‘in the place of a parent’. It is the authority a parents assign to another adult who will take care of their child
Identify the sports legislation that involves coaches
In loco parentis
Identify reasons why an athlete may need assistance from the law
S - spectators attacking players O - opponents being violent C - contractual issues with sponsors C - contractual issues with employers E - equality of opportunities R - refereeing negligence
Identify the measures that have been introduced in aim to overcome hooliganism at sports events
• Removal of terraces • Control of alcohol sales in grounds • Specified kick off times (early kick off time can decrease consumption of alcohol) • Increased security and police • Tougher deterrents (banning orders, fines imprisonment)
Give three example of legislation which controls spectators behaviour
• The football spectators act 1989: banning orders to be put on individuals that who have committed offences • The fire safety of sport act 1987: a fire security licence/certificate is obtained from local authority for an event to happen. • The sporting events act 1985: ban possession of alcohol at a football match