Chapter 10
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Nuclear radiation that occurs naturally in the enviroment
Background radiation
Neutrons released during the splitting of an initial nucleus trigger a series of nuclear fissions
chain reaction
electrons emitted by an unstable nucleus
beta particles
a state of matter in which atoms have been stripped of their electrons
Plasma
penetrating ray of energy emitted by an unstable nucleus
Gamma ray
time required for half of a sample of a radioisotope to decay
half-life
Attractive force that binds protons and neutron together in the nucleus
strong nuclear force
charged particles and energy that are emitted from the nuclei of radioisotope
Nuclear radiation
Process in which an unstable atomic nucleus emits charged particles and energy
radioactivity
Positively charged particle made of two protons and two neutrons
aLpha particle
smallest possible mass of a fissionable material that can sustain a chain reaction
Critical mass
Splitting of an atomic nucleus into smaller
Fission
an atom with an unstable nucleus
Radioisotope
a process in which the nuclei of two atoms combine to form a larger nucleus
fusion