Chapter 3
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Net Force
sum of all forces acting on an object
Force
push or pull
Balanced Forces
forces on an object that are equal in size and opposite in direction
Unbalanced Forces
When one force is stronger than the other
Rules for adding Net Forces
Forces in the same direction are added and head that direction –> + –> = –> The net force is the difference between the two forces. The box will move in the direction of the larger force. ——–> + Pushing equal forces in opposite directions equal 0! –> + <– = 0
Friction
Force the opposes sliding motion of two surfaces touching each other!
Static Friction
Object rest on a smooth surface, but when you push it it doesn’t budge. The object experiences no change in motion, so the net force is 0. The force of friction cancels your push
Gravity
attractive force between any two objects that depends on the masses and distance between them
Field
Region of space that has a physical world uanity
Weight
Gravitational force exterted on an object
Weight Formula?
weight (N) = mass (kg) x gravitational strength (N/kg) Fg = mg
Difference Between Weight and Mass?
Weight is a force and mass is the amount of matter in an object. Weight increases as mass increases.
Gravitational Strength on the Earth and Moon? What is their difference?
Moon is 1.6 N Earth is 9.8 N Moon is about 1/6 of the Earth’s gravitational strength
What causes Earth’s motion around the Sun?
Gravitational pulls of the other planets in the solar system.
Newton’s first law of motion?
An object moves at a constant velocity unless an unbalanced force acts on it. This states the relationship between force and change in motion.
Inertia
Tendency to resist a change in motion
Mass and Inertia relationship?
Greater the object’s mass, the greater the inertia will be. A greater force will be needed to change the motion of a bowling ball than a tennis ball because a bowling ball has greater inertia
Second law of Motion?
An objects acceleration is in the same direction as the net force on the object and is equal to the net force exerted on it divided by it’s mass. Forces exerted on an object, it’s mass, and it’s acceleration are related.
Are mass and acceleration related?
Yes! The acceleration of an object depends on the mass as well as the force exterted on it!! The smaller will have a less velocity once it goes. It will have a smaller final speed because it experienced a smaller acceleration!
What is the equation for the second law of motion and units?
a = Fnet -------- m 2 UNIT IS M/S !!!!!
Equation for Net forces
Fnet = mass x acceleration
Newton’s third law of Motion
When one object exerts a force on a second object, the second object exerts a force on the first object that is equal in strength and opposite in direction
Terminal Velocity
Maximum speed an object will reach when falling through a substance.
Free Fall
When Gravity is the only force acting on an object