Non Protein Nitrogen

From the breakdown of protein and nucleic acids

The kidneys, and include all substances that contain nitrogen but are not proteins or AAs

In the blood to assess kidney function.

Urea/Blood urea Nitrogen Creantine Uric acid Ammonia

Urea is the final product of protein breakdown. BUN measures the amount of nitrogen found as urea in the blood.

Evaluating kidney function and perfusion

Renal and hepatic functions.

High protein diet Dehydration

This is a condition of increased BUN of >20mg/dL along with increased Cr.

• Prerenal causes: Reduced blood perfusion to kidney from shock, dehydration, heart failure • Renal: internal to kidney • Post renal: obstruction in urinary tract from tumor or kidney stones

A toxic condition in which urea is extremely elevated at 150 mg/dL accompanied by renal failure and high Cr.

Loss of all kidney functions and systemic complications.

Loss of major renal functions(excretory, regulatory, synthetic) Anemia: no EPO made Metabolic acidosis: H+ not excreted by tubules Renal osteodystrophy: no Vit D activation Hyperkalemia: K+ not excreted by tubules

Fatigue Nausea Vomiting Uremic frost

~0.5-1.4 mg/dL

Creamtine is a metabolic breakdown product of muscle.

Stable and proportional to muscle mass.

Cr is not affected by diet as BUN is

Glomerular filtration rate GFR

An estimated measurement of how much urine filtrate is produced by glomerula per minute.

Kidney function

Cr is limited by increased/deceased muscle mass

Poor kidney function

6-20