Infection - CH. 9

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (24)

Front (Question)

Commensalism

Back (Answer)

Colonizing bacteria obtain what they need without host body being affected.

Front (Question)

Portals of entry

Back (Answer)

Parenteral Direct Contact Ingestion Inhalation

Front (Question)

Communicability

Back (Answer)

Ability to spread from one individual to others and cause disease

Front (Question)

Infectivity

Back (Answer)

Ability of pathogen to invade and multiply in host.

Front (Question)

Virulence

Back (Answer)

Degree to which a microorganism is capable of causing infectious disease

Front (Question)

Adhesion

Back (Answer)

Prevents pathogens from being swept from the body

Front (Question)

Mechanisms of adhesion

Back (Answer)

Slime layer Proteins (COVID-19 spike protein) Pili or fimbriae

Front (Question)

Biofilm

Back (Answer)

Community of bacteria that colonize together within a sticky web of extracellular material biofilms Protects from antibiotics and host elimination

Front (Question)

First stage of infection

Back (Answer)

Colonization

#10

Front (Question)

Mechanism of action

Back (Answer)

How microorganism damages tissue

#11

Front (Question)

Toxigenicity

Back (Answer)

Ability to produce soluble toxins or endotoxins, factors that greatly influence the pathogen’s degree of virulence

#12

Front (Question)

Endotoxins

Back (Answer)

LPS contained in the cell walls of gram-negative organisms released during cell destruction that activate the inflammatory response, immune, response, and produce fever (pyrogenic)

#13

Front (Question)

Exotoxin

Back (Answer)

Enzymes released during growth of the bacteria, can damage the plasma membranes of host cells or can inactivate enzymes critical to protein synthesis.

#14

Front (Question)

Stages of Infection

Back (Answer)

Exposure Incubation Prodromal Acute stage (invasion) Convalescent Resolution

#15

Front (Question)

Exposure period

Back (Answer)

Host exposed and infected by infective agent

#16

Front (Question)

Incubation period

Back (Answer)

Begins active replication - asymptomatic

#17

Front (Question)

Prodromal stage

Back (Answer)

Generic symptoms appear and pathogens continue to multiply

#18

Front (Question)

Acute Stage (Invasion)

Back (Answer)

Maximum impact of infectious process

#19

Front (Question)

Convalescent Stage

Back (Answer)

Containment, repair of tissue Immune system successfully removes pathogen and symptoms decline

#20

Front (Question)

Resolution stage

Back (Answer)

Total elimination of pathogen from body

#21

Front (Question)

What happens during acute stage?

Back (Answer)

Proliferation and dissemination of pathogen - invading further w/larger impact Production of toxic byproducts Inflammatory and immune responses triggered SPECIFIC symptoms

#22

Front (Question)

Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, TB

Back (Answer)

Toxins alter function for immune system to fight off or resist immune defenses

#23

Front (Question)

Bacterial growth phases

Back (Answer)

Initial lag phase Log phase Stationary phase Death/spore formation

#24

Front (Question)

Spores

Back (Answer)

Dehydrated structures that represent a formant or nonvegetative state of a bacteria Formed during nutrient deprivation/harsh condition Highly resilient, can survive for centuries Germinate to VEGETATIVE state when water and nutrients are available