Chapter 3

diffusion of water- diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane (water moves to where there are more solutes or more salty)

same solute concentration; solute that matches what’s inside the cell as outside. Cell stays the same shape, no water movement

lower solute concentration; inside higher concentration, outside lower concentration; ex. Pure water has no solutes in it. Water enters cell; high water, lower water in cell. Lysis- cell swells until it bursts

high solute concentration; more water in cell, water has more salts so less water. Water leaves cell and shrinks

directly uses ATP from low to high- Na+K+ pump. Pumps Na out, pumps K in

movement of 1 particle is linked to the movement of a second particle.

2 vesicular transports

substances leave cell using vesicles (membranes).

substances enter cell using vesicles; 3 types- phagocytosis “cellular eating” engulfing bulky things, pinocytosis “cellular drinking” taking in liquids, receptor-mediated endocytosis- using vesicles to bring in one specific molecule into the cell

region between plasma membrane and nucleus.

what does cytoplasm consist of

fluid in cytoplasm.

stored nutrients (glycogen granules, lipid droplets)

subcellular structures that perform specific functions for the cell

makes ATP(cellular respiration)

makes proteins

makes secretory proteins

detoxification (liver) makes steroids (testes, ovaries) stores Ca++ (muscle)

modifies and packages proteins and lipids

intracellular digestion

neutralizes free radicals

maintains cell shape

3 parts of cytoskeleton

muscle contraction