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17B: Carbonyl compounds

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Total cards: 22•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (22)

#1
Front (Question)

Identify the functional group.

Card front image
Back (Answer)

Aldehyde

#2
Front (Question)

Identify the functional group.

Card front image
Back (Answer)

Ketone

#3
Front (Question)

Describe the intermolecular forces in aldehydes and ketones

Back (Answer)

London forces, Permanent dipole - dipole forces

#4
Front (Question)

Explain the solubility of aldehydes and ketones.

Back (Answer)

Soluble, because they can form hydrogen bonds with water.

#5
Front (Question)

Reaction of carbonyls with Fehling’s or Benedict’s solution: Observation from aldehydes, Observation from ketones, Product.

Back (Answer)

Aldehyde: red precipitate forms, Ketone: solution stays blue, Aldehyde -> Carboxylate ion.

#6
Front (Question)

Give the equation for the reaction of carbonyls with Fehling’s or Benedicts solution.

Back (Answer)

Aldehyde + [O] + OH- -> carboxylate ion + H2O

#7
Front (Question)

Reaction of carbonyls with Tollen’s reagent: Observation from aldehydes, Observation from ketones, Product.

Back (Answer)

Aldehyde: silver mirror forms, Ketone: no silver mirror, Aldehyde -> Carboxylate ion.

#8
Front (Question)

Give the equation for the reaction of carbonyls with Tollen’s reagent.

Back (Answer)

Aldehyde + [O] + OH- -> carboxylate ion + H2O

#9
Front (Question)

Describe the reactions Aldehyde -> Carboxylate ion

Back (Answer)

Warm with Fehling’s or Benedict’s solution, red precipitate forms. or Warm with Tollen’s reagent, silver mirror forms.

#10
Front (Question)

Reaction of carbonyls with acidified dichromate(VI) ions: Observation from aldehydes, Observation from ketones, Product.

Back (Answer)

Aldehydes: orange -> green, Ketones: stays orange, Aldehyde -> carboxylic acid.

#11
Front (Question)

Describe the reaction Aldehyde -> Carboxylic acid

Back (Answer)

Warm with potassium dichromate in sulfuric acid, Colour change orange -> green

#12
Front (Question)

Reaction of carbonyls with lithium tetrahydridoaluminate: Condition, Product.

Back (Answer)

In dry ether, Alcohol.

#13
Front (Question)

Give the equation for the reaction of carbonyls with lithium tetrahydridoaluminate.

Back (Answer)

Carbonyl + 2[H] -> Alcohol

#14
Front (Question)

Describe the reaction: Carbonyl -> Alcohol

Back (Answer)

React with LiAlH4 in dry ether.

#15
Front (Question)

Reaction of carbonyls with HCN: Condition, Type of reaction, Purpose, Observation, Product.

Back (Answer)

In the presence of KCN, Nucleophilic addition, Increases chain length, No optical activity (racemic mix), Hydroxynitrile.

#16
Front (Question)

Give the equation for the reaction of carbonyls with HCN in the presence of KCN.

Back (Answer)

Carbonyl + HCN -> hydroxynitrile

#17
Front (Question)

Describe the reaction Carbonyl -> Hydroxynitrile

Back (Answer)

React with HCN in the presence of KCN, Nucleophilic addition reaction, Increases chain length.

#18
Front (Question)

Describe the test for carbonyl groups.

Back (Answer)

React with 2,4-DNPH, - Orange precipitate forms

#19
Front (Question)

Describe the test to identify a carbonyl compound given data for the melting temperatures of derivatives.

Back (Answer)

React with 2,4-DNPH, Purify orange precipitate by filtration and recrystallisation, Measure the melting point and compare with database.

#20
Front (Question)

Reaction of carbonyls with iodine: Condition, Test for, Observation, Product.

Back (Answer)

In alkali. Methyl ketones, ethanal or methyl alcohol, Pale yellow precipitate, Iodoform.

#21
Front (Question)

Give the equation for the reaction of carbonyls with iodine in the presence of alkali.

Back (Answer)

RCOCH3 + 3I2 + 4NaOH -> CHI3 + 3NaI + RCOONa + 3H2O

#22
Front (Question)

Describe the reaction Methyl ketone, ethanal or methyl alcohol -> iodoform

Back (Answer)

Warm with iodone in alkali, Pale yellow precipitate forms.