C8 - Rates and Equilibrium
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list 3: factors to measure to find the rate of reaction
• mass • temperature • light intensity
describe: how to measure light intensity to find the rate of reaction RP
• cross (‘x’) on paper below solution. • time taken for cross to disappear after reaction has started
formula: rate of reaction 2 formulas
reactant used / time OR product formed / time
define: collision theory
colliding particles will start a reaction if they have sufficient energy
define: activation energy
minimum amount of energy for a collision to be successful successful - to start a reaction
name: 2 factors that affect the rate of reaction in terms of collision theory
• frequency of particle collisions • kinetic energy of particles
list: 5 factors that affect rate of reaction
• SA : V • temperature • concentration • pressure • catalysts
define: dynamic equilibrium
rate of forward reaction = rate of backwards reaction in a reversible reaction
symbol: reversible reaction
⇌
What can be said about the forwards and backwards reaction in a reversible reaction?
one is exothermic and one is endothermic
define: Le Chatelier’s Principle
changing conditions to change the position of the equilibrium
How does pressure increase change the position of the equilibrium?
position shifts towards the side of fewer molecules of gas
How does temperature increase change the position of the equilibrium?
position shifts towards the direction of the endothermic reaction
How does concentration of reactant increase change the position of the equilibrium?
position shifts towards the products