Wk 1- The Cell
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The background to cells Whose research resulted in cell theory? In 1–5 they placed slices of - under a microscope and noticed small compartments , naming them cells.
Robert Hooke 1665, cork
Basic structure of Eukaryotic cell Cell membrane - encases? Nucleus - contains ? Cytoplasm - contains ? And ?
Cell contents DNA genetic information Organelles and cytosol
Non membraneous organelles Cytoskeleton: Provides - support Consists of 3 components 1. Micro filaments (contractile ability) - - tin and - - - sin 2. - filaments ( stabilise cell) 3. Micro- (determine shape) Involved in movement
Structural support • Actin and myosin • Intermediate • Micro tubules
Non membraneous organelles Micro villi : Small - like projections Increase - area of cell Extensions on cell aid in - Line areas of - tract
Finger like Surface Absorption Digestive
Non membraneous organelles Cilia: Long -like extensions of cell Line - tract Aids - of mucus
Finger like Respiratory Movement
Non membraneous organelles Centrioles: Instrumental in cell - Short sections of micro- Surrounded by centrosome
Division Micro tubule
Non membraneous organelles Ribosomes: Synthesise - Free ribosomes dispersed in - Fixed ribosomes on rough - - Ribosomes in -
Cytoplasm Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Mitochondria
Membraneous organelles Mitochondria: - house of the cell Sites of - production Produce majority of ATP (- - -) Contains own DNA (-DNA)
Powerhouse Energy Adenosine triphosphate mDNA
Membraneous organelles Endoplasmic Reticulum: Membrane network attached to - envelope Rough ER Manufacture of - Enclosure of - for transfer to - complex
Nuclear Protein Protein , Golgi
Membraneous organelles Smooth Endoplasmic reticulum : Extends from rough ER Synthesis of fatty - and steroids Enzymes of smooth ER: Inactivation, - of drugs , alcohol Break ? of glycogen / glucose in the liver
Acids Detoxification Breakdown
Membraneous organelles Golgi complex: Transports , modifies, sorts and packages - Products packaged into 1. Secretory vesicles for delivery - cell 2. - vesicles for cell membrane components 3. Transport vesicles for delivery - cell
Outside Membrane Within
Membraneous organelles Lysosomes: • disposal and - Contain powerful digestive - Fuse with vesicles containing damaged / foreign organelles (-) Break ? and eject unwanted components from cell
Waste disposal and recycling Enzymes Bacteria Breakdown
Membraneous organelles Peroxisomes: Contain powerful - enzymes - harmful substances such as alcohol High density in - cells
Oxidising Detoxify Liver cells
Phospholipid bilayer Covers most of the surface of cell Arranged in 2 layers : Exterior layer = hydro ? ( water loving ) Interior layer = hydro ? (water hating)
Hydrophilic Hydrophobic