Organic Definitions + Formulae
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What are aliphatics?
Aliphatics are organic compounds containing C chains and branches
What are aromatics?
Aromatics are organic compounds containing C one or more benzene ring(s)
What is dehydration?
The elimination of water
What is dehydrogenation?
The elimination of hydrogen atom
What is an electrophile?
An electrophile is an electron pair acceptor, that is attracted to regions of high electron density
What are free radicals?
Free radicals are species with an unpaired electron
What is hydration?
Hydration is the addition of water
What is a hydrocarbon?
A molecule containing hydrogen and carbon only
What is hydrolysis?
The breaking of a chemical bond through the addition of a water molecule
What is a nucleophile?
An electron rich species that can donate a pair of electrons
What does it mean for a compound to be “saturated”?
This means a compound consists of only single bonds
What are stereoisomers?
Compounds with the same molecular and structural formulae but a different spatial arrangement of atoms
What are E-Z isomers?
E-Z isomers are compounds which have different arrangements of groups around C=C
What are structural isomers?
Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements
What are the three different types of structural isomers?
Chain isomers Position isomers Functional group isomers
What are chain isomers?
Molecules with the same molecular formula, but different arrangements of their carbon chain
What are position isomers?
Structural isomers that differ by having the functional group in a different position
What are functional group isomers?
Structural isomers that differ by having a different functional group
What is an unsaturated molecule?
An unsaturated molecule is a molecule containing double bond(s)