ch 7

no 2 e can have the same 4 quantum numbers and the two e in an orbital must have opposite spins

the smaller it is the more stable 1 is more stable than 2 and so on

s is more stable than p and so on s>p>d>f

larger

the more stable it is

is the net force attraction experinced by the outermost electron in an atom

1

3

5

7

n^2

d subshells prefer to be totally filled or half filled rather than partially filled the exceptions include everything under Cr and Cu (Mo, Ag, Au)

Write out the electron configuration for neutral element Fill in the desired number of electrons by adding electrons to the highest energy subshell

write out the electron configuration for neutral element remove the desired number of e from first removing from the highest n level and highest energy subshell.

same number of electrons and same electron configuration

the most stable ions of atoms are isoelectronic with noble gases or half filled shells.

all electrons are paired

unpaired electrons will be attracted to a magnetic field

nuclear charge that is felt by the valence electron

nucleus. the closer they are, the stronger the attraction to the nucleus

inner electrons shield outer electrons from the attractive force of the nucleus

electrons in the inner shell

electrons in the outermost shell

valence electrons are attracted by the positively charged nucleus and repelled by the core electrons