Advanced Functional Groups
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Acyl Group
An acyl group is a functional group with formula RCO- where R is bound to the carbon atom with a single bond.
Acyl Halide
An acyl halide is a functional group with formula R-COX where X is a halogen atom.
Aldehyde Functional Group
The aldehyde functional group has the formula RCHO. It has the prefix aldo- and the suffix -al.
Alkenyl Functional Group
The alkenyl functional group is a type of hydrocarbon functional group based on an alkene. It is characterized by its double bond.
Alkyl Functional Group
In patent chemistry, an alkyl substituent is an alkane missing one hydrogen. The term alkyl is intentionally unspecific to include many possible substitutions in chemical patents. An acyclic alkyl has the general formula CnH2n+1. Image is an example of an Isopropyl group, the simplest form.
Alkynyl Functional Group
The alkynyl functional group is a hydrocarbon functional group based on an alkyne. It is characterized by its triple bond.
Azide Functional Group
The formula for the azide functional group is RN3-
Azo Group (or Diimide Group)
The formula for the azo or diimide functional group is R-N2-R’
Benzyl Functional Group
The benzyl functional group is a hydrocarbon functional group derived from toluene, a substituent or molecular fragment possessing the structure C6H5CH2-. Benzyl features a benzene ring attached to a CH2 group.
Bromo Functional Group
The bromo functional group is a bromoalkane characterized by a carbon-bromine bond.
Buytl Functional Group
The molecular formula for the butyl functional group is RC4H9.
Carbonate Functional Group
The carbonate ester functional group has the formula ROCOOR’ and derived from carbonate. (image of ethylene carbonate IUPAC name 1,3-dioxolan-2-one)
Carbonyl Functional Group
The carbonyl functional group is based on the ketone group. It has the formula RCOR’. The prefix for this group is keto- or oxo- or its suffix is -one.
Carboxamide Functional Group
The formula for a carboxamide group is RCONR2.
Carboxyl Functional Group
The formula for the carboxyl functional group is RC=OOH. It is based on carboxylic acid.
Carboxylate Functional Group
The formula for the carboxylate functional group is RCOO−. The carboxylate group is based on carboxylic acid and has the carboxy- prefix or -oate suffix.
Chloro Functional Group
The chloro functional group is a chloroalkane. It is characterized by a carbon-chlorine bond. (chlorotoluene pictured)
Cyanate Functional Group
The formula of the cyanate functional group is ROCN.
Fluoro Functional Group
The fluoro functional group is a fluoroalkane. It contains a carbon-fluorine bond.
Decyl Functional Group Chemical Structure
The molecular formula for the decyl functional group is R-C10H21 .
Disulfide Functional Group
The formula for the disulfide functional group is RSSR’.
Ester Functional Group
The formula for the ester functional group is RCOOR’.
Ether Functional Group
The general formula for the ether functional group is ROR’.
Ethyl Functional Group Chemical Structure
The molecular formula for the ethyl functional group is C2H5.
