B5 Communicable Diseases
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Name 5 causes of bad health
Poor lifestyle choices Stress Genetics Pathogens Age
What are pathogens
Disease causing microbes Fungi Virus Protists Bacteria
What are communicable diseases
Can be passed on and is caused by a pathogen
What are non communicable diseases
Cannot be passed on
Name 2 bacterial diseases
Salmonella Gonorrhoea
Name 4 viruses
Measles HIV Tobacco mosaic virus
Describe bacteria
They enter the body Reproduce rapidly by binary fission They produce toxins that make you ill Can directly damage body cells
Describe viruses
Only live in cells They enter cells, take over its genetic machinery, reproduce rapidly and burst out of the cell, killing it
Name a protist disease
Malaria
Name a fungal disease
Rose black spot
Describe measles
Spread by droplet infection Causes a fever and rash Can be fatal No cure Isolation and vaccines prevent spread
Describe tobacco mosaic virus
Symptoms include mosaic pattern on leaves Virus destroys plants cells so they can no longer photosynthesise Spread by contact with other infected plant material
Describe HIV
Causes flu like symptoms Can be controlled with antiretroviral drugs Attacks immune cells Spread through bodily fluids AIDs occurs when immune system in badly damaged
Describe salmonella
Caused be bacteria found in food Can cause fever, vomiting, diarrhoea, and abdominal cramps The bacteria can be found in poultry so these animals are vaccinated against it
Describe gonorrhoea
STD Can be prevented by using a type of barrier contraception Symptoms include green or yellow discharge or pain when urinating Used to be treated with antibiotics but many resistant strains have developed
Describe rose black spot
Fungal disease that affects plants Causes black or purple spots on leaves The whole leaf often turns yellow and drops off Reduces photosynthesis Spread in wind or water Treatment includes removing infected leaves or using fungicides
Describe malaria
The protist has a lifecycle that requires in to live inside a mosquito for some of its life then inside a mammal for the rest of it In a mosquito, it is found in the salivary glands and is then transmitted to a person when it sucks their blood Mosquito is a vector Can cause recurring fever and possible death Can be prevented by targeting mosquitos and avoiding getting bitten
What are 4 ways to prevent infection/disease
Hygiene Isolating Destroying pathogens Vaccination
What is binary fission
How bacteria multiply
What is a culture
A population of microorganisms that has been deliberately grown to study