Wk 12- Reproductive System
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Male reproductive system: What are the 4 main components? • T ? • Epi? • D vas D? • P and U ?
• Testes • Epidydimis • Ductus vas deferens • Penis Urethra
Male reproductive system: What are the 3 accessory glands? • Sem? vesicles ? • P? • B cowpers glands
• Seminary vesicles • Prostate • Bulbourethral Cowper’s glands
Testes: Paired oval glands Located outside the a- cavity : ? Degrees lower than core temperature Internally divided into -50 lobules Each lobule = 1-? Coiled sem? tubules
Abdominopelvic cavity , 3 degrees 250 lobules 1-4 lobules , seminiferous tubules
Seminiferous tubules: What are the 3 cells inside the seminiferous tubules? 1. Sp? cells : produce s? • Su? sertoli cells : support spermatogenesis, supply nourishment, remove excess c?, blood testes barrier (prevents — penetration) • Int? leydig cells : secrete t?
• Spermatogenic cells, sperm • Sustentacular cells , nourishment, cytoplasm, white blood cells • Interstitial , testosterone
Epididymis and ductus vas deferens ducts: Epididymis: Coiled duct Involved in maturation of s? S? Storage Removes damaged s? Ductus vas deferens: 45 cm long Ascends into p? Cavity Transports sperm to u?
Sperm Sperm Sperm Pelvic Urethra
Male accessory glands : • Seminal vesicles Secrete viscous alkaline fluid ( fructose and Clotting pr? And prostaglandins) Contributes 60 to -0% Semen volume
protein 60-70%
Male accessory glands : • Prostate gland: Produce alkaline pro? Fluid Nutrient source and enzymes – to 30% semen volume
Prostatic fluid 20-30%
Male accessory glands : • Bulbourethral gland: Alkaline mucous secreting Mucous to neutralise u- acid
Neutralise urinary acid
Female reproductive system: Produces g? Supports develop e/f What are the 4 Principles structures? • O? • U?/ fallopian Tubes • U? • V?
Gametes Embryo/fetus • Ovaries • Uterine / Fallopian tubes • Uterus • Vagina
The ovaries The ovaries = female g? Paired organs Produce female g? Secondary o? Produce e? And p? Ovaries cortex- ovarian f? Ovaries medulla- blood vessels/ ly?And n?
Gonads Gametes , oocytes Estrogen , progesterone Ovarian follicles Lymphatic and nerves
Ovarian follicles: Consist of o? Cells nourish o? And secrete oestrogen Mature Graafian follicle = fluid cell r? Expels s? Oocyte Corpus lutem (?)= follicle after discharging s? O? Then disintegrates = corpus albicans (?)
Oocytes Oocytes Ruptures , secondary oocyte Yellow body , secondary oocyte White body
Follicular development: Formation female g? = o? Millions of oocytes produced in fetal development Degenerate over time : remaining develop into p? Oocytes –,000 at puberty -00 mature and ovulate during life cycle
Gametes = oocytes Primary oocytes 40,000 400
Uterine/ Fallopian tubes : Main site of f? Hollow muscular tube divided into 3 parts • Infundibulum = close to o? • Amp-? = widest part and thick m- wall • Is-? = narrow, nearest u?
Fertilisation • Ovary • Ampulla , muscular • Isthmus , uterus
Uterine / fallopian tubes: Lined with c? Moves fertilised ovum / secondary oocytes to u? P? Movements in muscularis layer facilitates movement Non ciliated Cells secrete nourishing fluid.
Cilia , uterus Peristaltic
The uterus : Site of im? of ovum Development of e/f? Divided into 3 parts (similar to stomach) • F? Dome top portion • B? Large central area • Cer? Narrow and lowest portion
Implantation Embryo/fetus • Fundus • Body • Cervix
Uterine wall: What are the 3 layers? 1. Peri? / serosa : outer layer • My? : thickest section , 3 layers s? m? , contractions during birth • En? : inner lining of uterus Made of 2 layers
• Perimetrium • Myometrium smooth muscle • Endometrium
Endometrium: What are the 2 layers? • Stratum fu? : lines uterine cavity , sheds in m? • Stratum ba? : permanent layer, produces new stratum f? after m?
• Functionalis, menstruation 2. Basalis , functionalis, menstruation
Vagina: Muscular tract lined mucosa Mucosa contains gly? Breakdown of gl? by bacteria produces l? Acid Acid protects against m? entry and growth Environment is hostile to s?
Glycogen Glycogen, lactic Microorganisms Sperm
Male and female gonads: What are the hormones produced by the gonads ? Testes = an? Test? Ovaries = e? and p?
Androgens , testosterone Estrogen , progesterone