Dietary Reference Values
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What does DRV stand for?
Dietary Reference Value
What are the purpose of DRVs?
To act as a benchmark To reflect the nutritional needs of a population
What is the name used to describe the distribution of DRVs?
Gaussian Distribution
What does Gaussian distribution mean?
It is another term for normal distribution, it follows a bell-shaped curve and assumes that any measurement taken from that curve will be normally distributed.
What is the ‘safety margin’ set for DRVs?
The mean value +/- 2.5
Which members of the population do DRVs solely apply to?
Healthy people
What does EAR stand for?
Estimated Average Requirement
What is the estimated average requirement?
It is the value that refers to and meets the needs of 50% of the population
What does LRNI stand for?
Lower Reference Nutrient Intake
What is the lower reference nutrient intake?
The LRNI is the amount of a nutrient that is enough for only a small number of people in a group who have low requirements (2.5%) i.e. the majority need more. It is 2SD below the EAR
What does RNI stand for?
Reference Nutrient Intake
What is the reference nutrient intake?
The RNI is the amount of a nutrient that is enough to ensure that the needs of nearly all a group (97.5%) are being met. It is 2SD above the EAR
What is the fourth ‘guideline’ that follows EAR, LRNI, RNI?
Safe and Adequate
What is the Safe and Adequate guideline for?
For nutrients with insufficient evidence to form an EAR, it is to ensure that the levels recommended for consumption are safe Example: Vitamin K
Observational studies Balance studies Clinical Function Tests Estimates What are the above all examples of?
The methods by which DRVs are produced
What are the aims of DRVs?
To prevent deficiency To optimise body stores To produce safe upper limits
For which of the nutrients do DRVs exist?
Energy Protein
What are the limitations of DRVs?
They are derived from experimental data and therefore cannot be generalised There may be errors in the data due to the use of self-report techniques There is limited data on certain groups, such as the elderly The safe margin varies