Acids And Bases
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Bronsted-Lowry def of an acid
Proton donor
Bronsted-Lowry def of a base
Proton acceptor
What is a proton?
Positively charged hydrogen ion
Conjugate base
Substance formed when the proton is removed
Strong acid
Completely ionizes in solution (ex HCl)
Weak acid
Does not completely ionize in solution (ex. HF)
Double arrow indicates what kind of reaction?
A reversible reaction
Six strong acids
HCL, HBr, HI, HNO3, HClO4, H2SO4
Why is HF a weak acid?
The hydrogen bond is pretty strong, and does not want to break the bond
Strong base
One that completely dissociates in solution (the hydroxides of group one and two)
Weak bases produce what ion?
OH-, this is indicative of a weak base
Organic amines are what kinds of bases?
Weak bases
Amphoteric
Can act as either an acid or a base (water is an example!)
What are the pairings with acids, bases, and conjugates?
Acid-base conjugate, base-acid conjugate
What is the ion product constant for water?
1.0x10-14 Correct for all kimnds of water (acidic, neutral, etc.)
Ion constant for pure water
1.0x107
pH of a acidic solution
pH < 7
pH of a basic solution
pH > 7
mathematical def of pH
pH = -log[H+] [H+] = 10-pH
How to calculate pOH
-log[OH]