3.2 Quantitative Chemistry
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What is the mass of one mole of a substance equal to?
It’s formula mass in grams e.g. Iron has a formula mass of 56 Therefore one mole of iron weights 56g
What does one mole mean in terms of number of atoms?
Number of atoms is the same 1 mole of iron = 6.02x10^23 atoms 1 mole of hydrogen = 6.02x10^23 atoms But as the atoms are different masses, one mole of each atom weighs a different amount
What is the equation for moles?
Moles = Mass / MR
What is the number of atoms in 1 mole called?
Avogadro’s constant
What is the limiting reactant?
In a chemical reaction you use one in excess to ensure all of the other is used up Limiting reactant is the reactant that is completely used up The amount of product is limited by how much of that reactant there is e.g. 2Mg + O2 -> 2MgO But if I only have 14Mg and 20 O2, Mg would be the limiting reactant 14Mg + 20O2 - > 14MgO + 13O2 You can see that oxygen was used in excess to make all of the magnesium react
What is concentration measured in?
Mass per volume g/dm^3 dm^3 is just chemistry talk for litre
What is the equation for conentration?
Concentration = Mass / Volume