P.P Notes Redox Reactions
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What is a redox reaction?
A reaction involving both oxidation (loss of electrons) and reduction (gain of electrons)
What does OIL RIG stand for in redox chemistry?
Oxidation Is Loss Reduction Is Gain (of electrons)
In the reaction between Mg and HCl, which species is oxidised and which is reduced?
Mg is oxidised (loses electrons) HCl is reduced (gain electrons)
What is a half-equation?
An equation showing the loss or gain of electrons by a species during a redox reaction
Write the half-equations for Mg reacting with HCl
Oxidation: Mg -> Mg2+ + 2e- Reduction: 2H+ 2e- -> H2
What is a reductant (reducing agent)?
A substance that donates electrons and causes another species to be reduced
What is an oxidant (oxidising agent)?
A substance that gains electrons and causes another species to be oxidised
What is an oxidation number?
A number that represents how many electrons an atom has gained or lost
What are the main rules for assigning oxidation numbers
Free elements = 0 Ions = same as charge H = +1 (except in metal hydrides: -1) O = -2 (except peroxides: -1 and in F2O: +2
What is corrosion?
The oxidation of metals in the presence of air and moisture to form metal oxides.