Acids And Bases
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Define an Acid according to the Lowry-Brønsted model.
An acid is defined as a proton donor according to the Lowry-Brønsted model.
Define a Base according to the Lowry-Brønsted model.
A Base is defined as a proton acceptor according to the Lowry-Brønsted model.
What happens in acid base reactions?
The proton is transferred from the acid to the base.
A substance that can react as an acid with one substance and can react as a base with another substance is called…
Amphiprotic or Amphoteric.
Give terms for acids that can donate multiple protons.
Monoprotic- can donate one proton Diprotic- can donate two protons Triprotic- can donate three protons Polyprotic- can donate more than one proton
Define Ionisation.
Ionisation is defined as the reaction of a molecular substance with water to produce ions.
Define dissociation.
Dissociation is defined as the splitting of an ionic compound into it’s ions.
Define a strong acid.
A strong acid is defined as an acid that ionizes completely in solution.
Define a weak acid.
A weak acid is defined as an acid that only ionizes partially in an aqueous solution.
Define a strong base.
A strong base is defined as a base that dissociates completely in an aqueous solution.
Define a weak base.
A weak base is defined as a base that only ionizes or dissociates partially in aqueous solution.
Define neutralisation.
Neutralisation is defined as the point where and acid and base have reacted so that neither is in excess.
What is the equilibrium constant for water and how is it calculated.
1 x 10 to the negative 14 and it is the product of the concentration of Hydronium and Hydroxide.
Define a salt.
A salt is defined as a substance in which the hydrogen of an acid has been replaced with a cation (positive ion).
Define an Alkali.
An Alkali is defined as a base that dissolves in water. All Alkali are bases, not all bases are Alkali.