Ch 7 making decisions about drug and alcohol use

substance that kills germs affects body function or sturcture

• any substance capable of altering feelings, moods, or perceptions • sensory perceptions- thought processes behavior • Impaired judgement- say/do things that are not atypical

general term describes drug-taking behavior

6 examples: ritual use ceremonial use utilitarian use medical use social use private/personal use

purpose of sharing in a religious right

participating in a social gesture/act prescribed by custom or etiquette

practical or pragmatic purpose

curing disease controlling disease symptoms

enhancing communication/relationships in social situations

purpose of pleasant changes of feelings, mood, or mind

defined, beneficial purpose contributes to a person’s well- being

two components: drug use can cause problems person continues to use

inappropriate use of legal drugs intended to be medications

need to continue using a drug

craving emotional reasons maintain a sense of well-being habituation tendency to relapse

body adapts to drugs if presence cessation of drug use= withdrawal withdrawal = consistent set of symptoms that appears after discontinuing drug use addiction

• exposure- feels good/replaces unpleasant feeling • compulsion-repeated exposure despite negative consequences; avoid withdrawal • loss of control- cannot control behavior; makes life worse

• relief phase= escape • increased use phase= take greater quantities • preoccupation phase= constant concern, “normal behavior” • dependency phase= physical symptoms= dependence addiction • withdrawal phase= symptoms when abstinent

experimenters compulsive floaters/chippers

initial stage of drug use often use= recreational purposes

insatiable (uncontrollable/constant) attraction to drugs psychological dependence inability to cope without using drugs

• drugs, per se, ate not good or bad (it is how we use them that is good/bad) • every drug has multiple effects • both the size and the quality of a drug’s effect depend on the amount the individual had taken • the effect of any psychoactive drug depends on the individual’s history and expectations

supply and demand substances will never disappear we accept alcohol, tobacco, and caffeine

wide spread use form 1960's- present drugs are more potent now than in the past drugs are commonplace endangers the future if a society use/dealing= major factor of a society risk of injury= greater