Transition elements
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What are the colours of different transition metal compounds?
• Copper compounds are often blue. • Iron(II) compounds are often pale green. • Iron(III) compounds are often orange/brown.
Transition metals as catalysts
• Iron is used in the Haber process to make ammonia, which is used in fertilisers. • Nickel is used in the manufacture of margarine to harden oil.( ͡° ͜ʖ ͡°)
What is a catalyst?
A catalyst is a chemical that speeds up a reaction but it is not changed or used up by the reaction
What happens when metal carbonate is heated?
It undergoes thermal decomposition to form metal oxide and carbon dioxide.
Copper Thermal Decomposition
CuCO3 ⇒ CuO + CO2
Iron Thermal Decomposition
FeCO3 ⇒ FeO + CO2
Manganese Thermal Decomposition
MnCO3 ⇒ MnO + CO2
Zinc Thermal Decomposition
ZnCO3 ⇒ ZnO + CO2
What happens when sodium hydroxide reacts with a transition metal?
• A solid called metal hydroxide precipitates form. • Cu2+ ions form a blue solid. • Fe2+ ions form a grey/green solid. • Fe3+ ions form a orange/brown gelatinous solid.
Precipitation reaction of copper ions.
Fe2+ + 2OH- ⇒ Cu(OH)2
Precipitation reaction of iron(II) and iron (III) ions.
Fe2+ + 2OH- ⇒ Fe(OH)2 Fe3+ + 3OH- ⇒ Fe(OH)3