Scientific Process
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Procedure
a planned set of steps. Scientists use a procedure to carry out an investigation or experiment.
trial
a repeat of observations or tests Performing multiple trials in an experiment or investigation will increase the reliability of results.
variable
a factor that is changed in an experiment. (In 5th grade we only have experiments with one variable.) The variable in our paper towel absorbancy experiment was the brand of paper towel.
Data
Information collected during an experiment or investigation. We write data in a chart while performing an experiment.
hypothesis
a prediction based on evidence for a testable question. Based on research and observations we each made a hypothesis about which paper towel would absorb the most water.
Direct Evidence
Evidence that comes from measurements, tests or observations. Data tables are full of direct evidence. We can compare data because it is clearly stated.
Indirect evidence
Evidence that comes from inference. Using the data that shows the amount of water remaining to calculate the amount of water absorbed is using indirect evidence.
Investigation
the search for an answer to a testable question.
conclusion
an explanation based on measurements and/or observations We concluded that paper towel sample B was the most absorbent based on our data.