6.1 Group 1
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What are the group 1 metals known as
The alkali metals
Why do alkali metals have similar properties
They all have 1 electron in their outer shell
Name the alkali metals
-Lithium -Sodium -Potassium -Rubidium -Caesium -Francium
Physical properties of alkali metals
-Low melting point and boiling point compared to to other metals -Very soft
How soft are alkali metals
They can be cut with a knife
What do alkali metals form
Ionic compounds
Why are alkali metals so reactive
They only have 1 electron in their outer shell so they lose it readily to obtain a stable electronic structure
What is the trend in reactivity of the alkali metals
The further down the periodic table, the more reactive
Why are alkali metals further down the group more reactive
The atomic radius is larger so the outer electron is further from the nucleus and so it is less attracted to the nucleus so less energy is needed to remove it
What happens when an alkali metal reacts with water
It forms a hydroxide of the metal and hydrogen gas
Reactivity trend with water for the alkali metals
The further down the group, the more violent the reaction
Lithium reaction with water observations
Fizzes steadily
Sodium reaction with water observations
Melts into a ball then fizzes quickly
Potassium reaction with water observations
Gives off sparks and hydrogen burns with a lilac flame
Effervescence
Bubbling