EVOLUTION Q3

the change in inherited traits over successive generations in populations of organisms. This change allowed organisms to adapt and survive in their environment.

What are the four evidences of evolution?

These are traces of organisms that lived in the past and were preserved by natural process of catastrophic events.

Where are fossils usually found in?

Two main types of Fossils

This fossil has a shallow external mold left by animal or plant tissues with little or no organic materials present.

These are animal or plant tissues preserved in sedimentary rocks and is informed with more organic material.

What are the two ways of how ages of fossils are determined?

This is when the age of a rock is compared to the other rock layers. oldest layer = deepest, youngest layer = shallower.

This method is used to determine the age of rocks using the decay of radioactive isotopes of Carbon-14 which is present in rocks when the organisms died.

The study of the similarities and differences in the structures of different species.

What are the types of structures in comparative anatomy.

Body parts of organisms that may perform different functions but are of the same origin. The presence of homologous structures is a strong evolved from common ancestors.

This simply tells us that all those specific species have common ancestors, they adapt different traits. ex. zebras, donkeys and horses are related.

Body parts of organisms that may perform the same function but are of the different origin. ex. bird wings, insects, wings and bat wings.

Two different species evolve similar traits despite having distinct ancestors. ex. bats and whales use echolocation.

Body parts that are useless or left over from previous ancestors in which they were useful. ex. Ostrich have wings, whales still have pelvic bones, humans have appendix.

The portion of the life that begins just after fertilization. Many organisms have similar embryos supporting the idea of common ancestors.

Small mutations or changes in the DNA eventually lead to the evolution of new species.

How many chromsomes has a normal human being have compared to a normal chimpanzee.