Anatomy Of The Upper Digestive System And Stomach
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Alimentary
Pertaining to food or nutrition
Papillae
A small protrusion or process
Components?
Mouth Pharynx Alimentary canal Accessory glands Blood vessels Nerves
Pharynx
Swallowing Skeletal muscle
Alimentary canal
Connects from esophagus to anus Enter Canal along body
Accessory glands
Salivary glands Endocrine glands Exocrine glands…pancreas liver Glandular tissue
Blood vessels
Hepatic blood circulation Providing oxygen to organs
Nerves
Controls effector tissues Smooth muscle/skeletal muscle/ glands Walls of alimentary canal Esophagus and anus: skeletal In between: both
Factors involving digestion
Physical: chewing grasping mixing Chemical: hcl Naco2 Biological: hormones and enzymes and microbes
Anatomy of upper digestive system: boundaries
Dorsal: hard and soft pellet Cadual: entering pharynx Ventral: soft tissue…floor of mouth Lateral/cranial: teeth
Anatomy of upper digestive system: vestibule
In front of teeth and lips between teeth and cheeks…in front of cranial boundary Temporary storage, protects mouth cavity proper
Anatomy of upper digestive system: lips
Must have muscle tissue Most flexible: horses Least flexible: pigs
Anatomy of upper digestive system: hard palate
Non-secreting mucous membrane Lampers: inflammation of raphe
Anatomy of upper digestive system: tongue composition
Smooth and skeletal muscle
Anatomy of upper digestive system: tongue divisions
Tip: loose part (grasping) cranial Body: tip to middle (frenulum) Root: most stable (swallowing) caudal
Anatomy of upper digestive system: tongue papillae
Raised area Filiform: tip hairs…no taste receptors Fungiform: sparse…toad spools…taste receptors Valate: body…taste receptors/ serous glands
Anatomy of upper digestive system: Tongue functions
Grasping swallowing Tasting Grooming Food processing Nursing Vocalization
Anatomy of upper digestive system: salivary glands ( parotid)
Exocrine Saliva aids in swallowing Located at jaw Autonomic
Anatomy of upper digestive system: salivary glands (mandibular)
Located on sides of the mandible Duct directs toward lower jaw
Anatomy of upper digestive system: salivary glands (sublingual)
Located under tongue along body of nerve
Anatomy of upper digestive system: teeth (substance)
Consists of body and root; crown is portion above the gum line. Approx 95% of the tooth development takes place prior to tooth eruption
Teeth-dentine
Formed by inward movement of odontoblasts; contains the pulp cavity When pulp cavity is exposed., it fills in with secondary dentine
Teeth- enamel
Outside covering; hardest substance; formed by outward growth of enamelblasts; covered by cuticle
Teeth- cement
Formed by cementoblasts; outer covering turns black when stained with mucus and grass juice