E4 - Nutrient Cycles
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What Sustains Life on Earth?
Solar energy, the cycling of matter, and gravity sustain the earth’s life.
What are nutrients and why do they cycle?
Since there is a finite amount of matter on the planet, nutrients must be recycled through ecosystems E.g. carbon, nitrogen
Nutrients are substances that…
an organism uses to build and repair the cells of its body An ecosystem survives by a combination of energy flow and matter recycling.
Nutrients are made of..
elements Elements are pure substances that cannot be broken down into more simple elements
Cycling of Atoms- Matter cannot be ___ or ____ it is____
Matter cannot be created or destroyed 🡪 it is recycled
Waste (from organisms) 🡪 returned to the ecosystem Atoms cycle through the planet and at different times can be found in
both biotic and abiotic components The calcium in your bones may have come from a cow , who got it from corn, that got it from rocks in the soil, that got it from the sea!
How Do They Cycle? It is a continuous cycle Commonly called a…..
Atoms take the path from the biotic components to the abiotic components and back again biogeochemical cycle
Four Cycles?
Water Cycle Carbon Cycle Nitrogen Cycle Phosphorus Cycle
Where Do They Cycle?
Nutrients cycle both locally and globally The local cycle cycles within a small area of the ecosystem through biotic and abiotic components They global cycle cycles throughout the biosphere though atmospheric currents, erosion of soil, etc.
The Water Cycle
Found mainly in the abiotic environment evaperation, condensation, presipitation, collection
Effects of Human Activities on the Water CycleC moves between reservoirs and between BIOTIC and ABIOTIC parts of the Earth We alter the water cycle by:
We alter the water cycle by: Withdrawing large amounts of freshwater. Clearing vegetation and eroding soils. Polluting surface and underground water. Contributing to climate change. Papa Call For Vacation
The Carbon Cycle What’s so special about carbon?
What’s so special about carbon? Basis of all organic molecules (carbs, proteins, DNA!) Can bond to almost any other atom Abundant in the human body (23%)
The Carbon Cycle-4 interconnected deposits / reservoirs
The atmosphere 🡪 CO2 The Earth’s surface 🡪 plants, soil, non-living organic material The ocean 🡪 dissolved inorganic C and marine life The sediments buried in the Earth (fossil fuels) C moves between reservoirs and between BIOTIC and ABIOTIC parts of the Earth
Carbon cycles between biotic and abiotic forms Photosythesis? Cellular Respiration?
Photosynthesis: carbon dioxide+water Energy from Light glucose+oxygen Cellular Respiration: glucose+oxygen=. carbon+water+energy
Green plants take in atmospheric CO2 during…
photosynthesis
Animals release corbon through
cellular respiration for energy 🡪 in the process release CO2
Decomposers break down dead organic matter 🡪 in the process release CO2
cellular respiration
Whithout decomposers the world would be
Without decomposers the world would become overrun with trash and dead carcasses
Carbon is also stored in the form of (release how)
fossil fuels (e.g. natural gas, petroleum) Combustion 🡪 releases CO2 back into the air
CO2 gas is_____ in water 🡪 builds up as calcium carbonate in coral, rocks, shells and skeletons of marine organisms
dissolved
Connections between the H2O and C cycles
H2O and C are found in the same places and involved in the same processes (eg. Photosynthesis)
________the process of evaporation of H2O from plant surfaces
Transpiration