Polymers
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Give ways in which a polyester can be formed
A dicarboxylic acid and a dialcohol A hydroxycarboxylic acid
How is a hydroxycarboxylic acid able to form a polyester?
The carboxylic end of one reacts with the alcohol end of another
Give an example of a polyester
Terylene
Name two uses of terylene
Fabrics Plastics
Name the reactants used to form terylene
ethane-1,2-diol benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid
Give two ways from which a polyamide can form
A dicarboxylic acid and a diamine An amino acid
How do the products of base hydrolysis of polyesters differ with that of the acid hydrolysis?
Base produces the salt of the carboxylic acid and the alcohol Acid produces the carboxylic acid and the alcohol
What are the conditions for the hydrolysis of polyesters?
Aq acid or Aq alkali Heat
What is the difference in products when a polyamide is hydrolysed under acidic conditions versus under basic conditions?
Base produces the sodium salt of the carboxylic acid and the diamine Acid produces the dicarboxylic acid and the ammonium salt of the diamine
Which is slower: base or acid hydrolysis?
Acid
The hydrolysis of addition polymers produces what?
Monomers with a non-polar C=C bond
The hydrolysis of condensation polymers produces what?
Polar monomers
Which type of polymerisation forms a biodegradable product?
Condensation polymerisation
What types of intermolecular forces are present in addition polymers?
Just VdW for most
What types of intermolecular forces are present in condensation polymers?
H bonds in polyamides, dipole-dipole in polyesters