ScienceAtmosphereandWeatherVariables
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Draw a diagram with the 5 layers of the atmosphere labeled. Identify the names for the boundaries, too.
Troposphere (0-14.5km) Stratosphere (14.5-50km) Mesosphere (50-85km) Thermosphere (85-600km) Exosphere (600km+)
The ______ ______ absorbs ultraviolet radiation from the sun.
Ozone Layer
The ______ extends into outerspace.
Exosphere
What is the maximum cruising altitude for planes?
18km above sea level
The International Space Station is how many km above sea level?
400km (in the exosphere)
The Aurora Borealis occur how many km above sea level?
100km (in the thermosphere)
What happens to temperature in the Troposphere and Mesosphere?
It gets colder in both as they go up.
What happens to temperature in the Stratosphere?
It gets warmer
Why does temperature increase in the Stratosphere?
The Ozone Layer heats up the temperature because most ozone is in this layer
What happens to temperature in the Thermosphere/Exosphere?
It gets warmer as you go up because of UV rays and the sun
What is the relationship between altitude and air pressure?
The closer you are to the earth’s surface, the higher the air pressure
Which layer of the atmosphere has the greatest air pressure? Why?
The bottom layer since it is closest to the earth, and therefore has more air pressure due to the weight of other air layers.
Oxygen makes up what percent of the atmosphere?
21 percent
Nitrogen makes up what percent of the atmosphere?
78 percent
Name the six gases that make up the other 1 percent of the atmosphere
Argon (.934) CO2 (carbon dioxide) (.037) Neon (.00182) Helium (.00052) Methane (.00015) Krypton (.00011)
What is the most abundant molecule in the atmosphere?
Nitrogen
Why is water vapor variable in the atmosphere?
Humidity and condensation mean it is sometimes in the air but sometimes in the oceans or ground
In which layer is the atmosphere densest and why?
The troposphere because it is closest to the earth and has all the air pressure on top of it
What happens to air density as altitude increases?
The air gets less dense
In which layer of the atmosphere are clouds typically found?
The troposphere
Which characteristic delineates the atmosphere’s layers?
Temperature changes
Why does air temperature warm in the stratosphere and thermosphere, as opposed to cooling because of increased elevation?
The ozone layer traps UV light in the stratosphere, the thermosphere has the sun it, YASS QUEEN! GET THIS CORRECT FOR the Crystal Chemicals!
Dew point and relative humidity are measured using a what?
Hygrometer
Describe a hygrometer?
It typically contains two thermometers, one of which is wrapped in a wet cloth or shoelace. The principle that makes it work is that water will evaporate from the wet shoelace, cooling the thermometer to which it is attached (evaporation uses heat). This will make the “wet” thermometer record a lower temp than the right “dry” one. If the air is dry, a lot of water will evaporate from the shoelace. If it is humid, little evaporation will occur and temp drop will be minimal.