C2.4 Group 7 - The Halogens
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What are the properties of the halogen family?
➢ Low melting points and boiling points ➢ Poor conductors of heat and electricity
Why does the melting point and boiling point increase as you go down group 7?
➢ This is due to increasing intermolecular forces as the atoms become larger, so more energy is required to overcome these forces
Why do the elements get less reactive as you go down group 7?
➢ As you move down the group the atomic radius gets bigger due to more electrons and protons being present ➢ This leads to the outer shells to move further away from the nucleus ➢ More distance between the electrons and the positively charge nucleus ➢ The electrostatic force of attraction is weaker ➢ Makes attracting an electron from metals which is very difficult
How can you check the reactivity between halogens?
➢ A more reactive halogen will displace a less reactive halogen ➢ Use solutions of the halogens and their salts in water ➢ E.g Add chlorine to Potassium Bromide and you will see the colour change ➢ This means Potassium Chloride and Bromine is formed