solutions
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what is a solution
a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances
what is a solute
the substance dissolved in a solution
what is a solution
a substance, usually liquid which is capable of dissolving one or more substances
what is volume concentration expressed as
% v/v (volume per volume) used when both are liquids
what is weight concentration expressed as
% w/w (weight per weight)
what does % w/v stand for
weight per volume
when is %w/v used
when a solid chemical is dissolved in a liquid
what is the equation for %w/v
mass of solute (g) ____________________ x100 volume of solution (ml)
what is the equation for %w/w
mass of solute (g) ____________________ x100 mass of solution (g)
what is the equation for %v/v
volume of solute ____________________ x100 volume of solution (ml)
what is normal saline
A sterile solution of sodium chloride (NaCl) dissolved in purified water
what is a percentage solution
the amount of solute dissolved in a given volume of solvent, this is expressed as a percentage of the solutes mass in relation to the total mass of the solution
what is referred to as a normal solution
a solution of known concentration
what is a buffer solution
a solution that can resist change in its PH when an acid or base is added to it
what is a molar solution
one that contains 1 mole of a solution in 1L of solvent
what does serial dilution do
creates a series of solutions with decreasing concentrations from a stock solutions
whats the equation for dilution factor
initial volume ______________ = dilution factor final volume
how is serial dilution done
the solution is diluted repeatedly by a fixed factor