Circulatory System + Arteries + Veins
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Respiratory
Oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange
Excretory
Removes waste from body cells
Protection
Clotting, and transporting white blood cells to infections
Nutrition
Carries energy and food throughout the body
Regulatory
Helps to maintain pH and temperature
Hormonal
Transfers hormones to organs
Heart
A muscular, four-chambered pump that drives the circulatory system
Pericardium
A fibrous sac that encloses the heart
Artery
An elastic vessel with thick walls to maintain high pressure while carrying blood away from the heart
Vein
A thin-walled vessel that carries dexygenated blood to the heart
Capillary
A microscopic vessel that forms a network between arteries, veins, and body tissues
Lymph system
Consists of lymphatic vessels and tissues (tonsils, thymus, spleen, lymph nodes) that play an important role in immunity and disease prevention
Lymph node
Bean-shaped structures located throughout the body that produce lymphocytes and monocytes, and filters bacteria, foreign bodies, and malignant cells
Spleen
Largest lymph organ, produces lymphocytes and monocytes, stores red blood cells and iron, and destroys old red blood cells
Blood flows through the heart in this order….
Right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary arteries, lungs, pulmonary veins, left atrium, left ventricle, and aorta
Aorta
The largest artery that sends blood from the heart to the body
Brachiocephalic
Branches from the aorta to send blood to the head and right side of the body
Common carotid arteries
Run up both sides of the neck and supply blood to the head
Coronary arteries
Wraps around the exterior of the heart and supply blood to the heart muscle
Facial artery
Wraps under lower jaw and is used to take the pulse on a horse or cow
Femoral artery
Runs down the inside hind leg; used to take the pulse on a cat or a dog
Mesenteric
Supplies blood to the intestines
Renal artery
Supplies blood to the kidney
Pulmonary arteries
Carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs