Liver Function (Anatomy and Physiology)

Largest and complex organ responsible for major metabolic functions in the body

Primary organ that can ONLY EXHIBIT KETOGENESIS

Liver is found at the

Liver has abundant blood supply approximately

Two major vessels of liver (2)

Branch of aorta that provides most of the oxygen requirement; contributes 20% blood supply

Drains the gastrointestinal tract and Spleen, Transports most of the recently absorbed materials from the intestines to the liver

Metabolic Activity of liver takes place within the___ ; constitutes 80% of organ mass

Aside from Parenchymal cells, liver also contains cells like (2)

Six-sided functional unit of Liver

Branches of Hepatic Artery and portal vein Central Vein Sinusoids Hepatocytes and Kupffer cells Bile canaliculi Bile ducts

Bile ducts Hepatic Portal Vein Hepatic Artery

It is responsible for METABOLIC, SYNTHETIC, SECRETORY, EXCRETORY FUNCTION

First-Pass Phagocytosis by KUPFFER CELLS Metabolism and excretion of drugs Production of Urea

Synthesis of Bile acids and Bile salts

Loss of functioning hepatocytes Cirrhosis and Hepatitis

Regurgitation from hepatocytes Biliary Obstruction and Hepatocellular Disease

Secretion Function heme waste products (Bilirubin and Porphyrin)

Bilirubin Ammonia Lipids Bile salts Drug Metabolism

Drug Metabolism is tested using

Serum Total Protein Albumin AAT Ceruloplasmin Coagulation Factors

Transaminases (AST and ALT) Biliary Epithelium (ALP, 5-NT, GGT)

Carbohydrates Fats Lipoproteins Ketone bodies Proteins Hormones ( Somatomedin and Angiotensinogen)

Fat Soluble and water-soluble vitamins, Glycogen, Iron