C1 - Atomic Structure
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What is the plum pudding model
A ball of positve charge with negative electrons studded into it
What did the gold foil experiment prove
Atoms have dense nuclei with a positive charge
What did chadwick discover
Neutron
What did bohr discover
Electrons are in shells
History of atom timeline
Dalton said atoms were balls Thompson Plum Pudding Model Rutherford alpha scattering Rutherford nuclear model (stereotypical model) Bohr model - electrons in shells Chadwick neutron Current nuclear model
Why did mendelev leave gaps in the periodic table
For elements that had not been discovered yet
What is an atom?
The smallest part of an element that can exist
What is an element?
A substance made of only one type of atom
What is a compound?
A substance made of two or more different atoms chemically bonded
How are compounds formed?
From chemical reactions
What is involved in a chemical reaction?
The formation of one or more new substances and an energy change
What is a molecule?
A substance made of more than one atom chemical bonded
What is a mixture?
A substance made of more than one thing not chemically bonded together
How can mixtures be separated?
Physical processes (filtration, crystallisation, simple distillation, fractional distillation and chromatography)
Name the three subatomic particles
Protons, neutrons, electrons
State the relative masses and charges of the subatomic particles
Mass: Proton :1, neutrons:1, electrons:0
What is the plum pudding model
A ball of positive charge with negative electrons studded into it
What did the gold foil experiment (alpha particle scattering) prove?
That atoms have sense nuclei with a positive charge
What did Chadwick discover?
The neutron
What did Bohr’s experiments show?
That electrons are in specific shells
What is the atomic number of an atom?
The number of protons in an atom
What is the mass number of an atom?
The number of protons + the number of neutrons
In the electron shell model, how are the subatomic particles arrange in an atom?
Protons and neutrons in the nucleus, electrons orbiting in shells
Why is the number of electrons in an atom equal to the number of protons
As their charges cancel out